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Understanding, discovering, practical implementations

Glossary

To find your way around digital vocabulary.

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Chat< / span>

Internet Relay Chat or IRC: communication protocol for text or instant messaging online. It enables a conversation between a group of people connected on the Internet. It can be used to follow channels and discussion threads, but also to transfer files. The messages are displayed in real time.

Data mining< / span>

Notion that covers the prospecting and exploration of raw data and the resultant extraction of knowledge. Automatic or semi-automatic methods, combining statistics, artificial intelligence and IT, are applied to databases in large quantities. The algorithms based on predefined criteria serve to identify and build models, structures or patterns in the raw data, and thereby extract new knowledge.

SSE

Social and solidarity economy.

Hackathon< / span>

Contraction of “hacker” and “marathon”. Event organised over a short period where developers, designers and entrepreneurs meet around a pre-defined problem to produce, as a team, proposals for digital solutions. These are called “datathon” when the exercise focuses on databases.

Mentoring< / span>

A relation of transmission, transfer of assets, know-how and life skills between an experienced, qualified person and an other who wishes to increase their skills. It can be done informally or as part of an organised programme, and is usually long-term and a priori not remunerated. Coaching is slightly different: it is more a question of helping someone to find their own answers in a personal approach. The coach does not necessarily need to be a project expert.

SDG

Sustainable development goals: also called global goals, these seventeen goals are a world appeal launched by the United Nations to act to eradicate poverty, protect the planet and strive for all humans to be able to live in peace and prosperity.

Open data< / span>

Freely accessible and re-usable raw data. The practical philosophy of open data recommends free availability of a maximum amount of public data for everyone, without restriction of copyright, patents or other control mechanisms. To guarantee reuse, open data requires the information to be made available in a structured, documented way that can be easily interpreted by a machine.
The movement of opening data concerns, in the first instance, the data collected or produced by a State, a territorial assembly or a para-public body during its public service activities.

Open innovation< / span>

Designates, in the domains of research and development, modes of innovation founded on sharing and collaboration (between stakeholders) with stakeholders external to the organisation.

Open source< / span>

Applies to software whose licence respects the criteria precisely established by the Open Source Initiative (https://opensource.org/), that is to say the possibilities of free redistribution, access to source code and the creation of derivative works.

Prototype< / span>

An original model constructed to include all the technical characteristics and performances of the new product” (OECD), on a small scale or in a pilot phase to be tested. Used in the initial phase of a project, it must make it possible to prove the pertinence and utility of a product or service before it is rolled out.

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Understanding, discovering, practical implementations